The external phase may then be formulated to contain the appropriate sweetening and flavoring agents. Pharmaceutical emulsions may be used to mask the bitter taste and odor of drugs, in which the drug is dissolved in the internal phase of an o/w emulsion. Some drugs are more readily absorbed when administered as an emulsion than as other oral comparator formulations.Ģ. Oil-in-water (o/w) emulsions contain oil droplets dispersed as globules throughout an aqueous continuous phase. Following oral administration the oil droplets (and hence the drug) may then be absorbed using the normal absorption mechanism for oils. The most common emulsions are oilwater systems, which have found widespread use across a number of industries, for example, in the cosmetic and food industries, and are also of advanced scientific interest. E.g., in oil-in-water emulsions the drug substance is dissolved in the discontinuous or internal oil phase. Emulsions are mixtures of two immiscible liquids in which droplets of one are dispersed in a continuous phase of the other. Pharmaceutical emulsions may be used to deliver drugs that are poorly soluble in water but readily soluble in oils. Multiple water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) emulsions are of great interest as potential drug delivery systems of hydrophilic drugs, oligonucleotides or vaccines due to a possible entrapment of hydrophilic substances into the inner water droplets. The advantages of emulsions as pharmaceutical products include the following:ġ. This article focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of emulsions. The droplet diameter of the dispersed phase extends from about 0.1 to 10 μM, although particle diameters as small as 0.01 μM and as large as 100 μM are not uncommon. The two phases of emulsions are stabilized by the presence of an emulsifier. Water in oil emulsions are drug delivery systems in which water forms the dispersed phase, and the oil acts as the dispersion medium. Formulation of drug-dosage form as an emulsion. These drugs are usually poorly soluble in water but readily soluble in oils. Increased drug bioavailability: Many drugs are highly hydrophobic, with high log P values (partition coefficient between oil and water). An emulsion is a dispersed system containing at least two immiscible (or partially miscible) liquid phases. The main advantages of emulsions as drug delivery systems include the following: 1. Keywords: Microemulsion, multiple emulsion, multiple emulsions, nanoemulsion oil/water, oil-in- water-in-oil.
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